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El pasado perfecto continuo es una forma verbal que combina características del pasado continuo (sobre una acción que se estuvo ejecutando) y el pasado perfecto (una acción que se concluyó). Así, el pasado perfecto continuo en inglés lo usamos para hablar de una acción realizada en el pasado, que termina o se interrumpe por otra acción también en el pasado. Sirve para indicar el orden en que sucedieron dos acciones.
Forma afirmativa. La forma básica del pasado perfecto continuo está formado por el verbo to have en pasado (had), seguido del participio del verbo to be (been) seguido del gerundio del verbo que expresa la acción:
Sujeto + had + been + verbo en gerundio (ing)
Lo usamos para hablar de de una acción que transcurrió en el pasado y terminó o se interrumpió con otra acción en el pasado. En este caso, se mencionan ambas acciones. Ya sea que la acción continua se menciona antes o después, siempre da la idea del orden en que sucedieron. En ocasiones utiliza algunos conectores de tiempo, como until (hasta), when (cuando), then (entonces):
Mary had been reading novels when began the earthquake.
We had been running until dinners time.
También lo usamos para enfatizar la duración de una acción en el pasado y para indicar su duración:
They had been studying all the week for that test.
Susan had been sweeping from the rise to receive her parents.
Para indicar una relación de causa y efecto entre una acción que se realizaba y su consencuencia:
The kids were tired because they has been playing all the noon.
I had been walking under the rain, so, in home I felt sick.
Forma negativa. Para expresar la forma negativa del pasado perfecto continuo en inglés, la partícula negativa, y en su caso, la contracción negativa, se aplican en el verbo have; el participio been y el verbo en gerundio permanecen iguales:
We had not been playing football — We hadn’t been playing football
I had not been running to felt me so tired — I hadn’t been running to felt me so tired.
Forma interrogativa. La forma interrogativa se hace anteponiendo el verbo have al inicio de la oración, antes del sujeto; la estructura been + verbo en gerundio permanece igual:
Had George been reading the newspaper when Rose arrived?
Had you been training?
No todas las acciones pueden expresarse en el pasado perfecto continuo. Hay algunos verbos que solamente admiten la forma continua o la forma perfecta, pero no combinada:
1. Verbos que expresan emociones. Cuando los verbos expresan algunas emociones, no admiten el uso del tiempo perfecto continuo. Algunos de estos verbos son por ejemplo believe (creer), love (amar), wish (desear), think (creer). Sin embargo, un mismo verbo puede tener diversos significados, y en ciertos contextos admite el pasado perfecto continuo.
Como ejemplo de esto podemos mencionar el verbo to think. Si lo usamos en el sentido de creer, sólo podemos usar las formas perfecta o continua:
I was thinking Ann was in home.
I had thought it hadn’t fix.
Cuando utilizamos to think en el sentido de pensar, reflexionar y crear o recordar ideas, entonces sí admite el uso del tiempo pasado perfecto continuo:
I have been thinking about our problem until I saw that webpage
We have been thinking how to make this homework (Hemos estado pensando cómo hacer esta tarea)
Esta excepción contextual se aplica también respecto de algunos verbos sobre los que hay excepciones a este tiempo verbal.
2. Verbos que expresan la acción de los sentidos. Hear, see, feel, smell, taste (oir, ver, sentir, oler, gustar) son verbos que tampoco admiten el tiempo pasado perfecto continuo. Hay algunas acciones que no son acción de los sentidos, sino actividades en las que usamos los sentidos. Estas acciones sí admiten el tiempo pasado perfecto continuo. Como ejemplo de esto, podemos mencionar el verbo ver: el en sentido de la acción del sentido de la vista, see, no admite el pasado perfecto continuo. La acción de ver u observar algo, watch, sí se le puede aplicar el pasado perfecto continuo:
I had been watching you in the file (Te había estado viendo [o mirando] en la fila)
Your kids got headache because they had been watching TV all day long (Tus niños les dió dolor de cabeza porque habían estado viendo la televisión todo el día)
3. Verbos que expresan posesión: own, belong, have, posses.
4. Verbos que expresan un estado o modo de ser: to be (ser, estar), to seem (parecer), need (necesitar), care (importar), exist (existir).
15 ejemplos de oraciones en pasado perfecto continuo en inglés
I had been playing piano when I met the guitar.
All the kids had been enjoying the party until electricity fails.
Had Robb been buying books before?
During some weeks, I had been thinking how to build an airplane.
We hadn’t been waiting the bus before 11.
We had been studying hard all semester.
Susan had been washing her clothes before it was rain.
Mary Ann hadn’t been nursing her granny until her mother goes to Tokio.
You had been repairing irons for 50 years.
They had been looking for a new car when Karl sold his.
Had you been going to school last year?
That man had been waiting the bus along three hours.
He lies. Yesterday he hadn’t been sweeping the street.
Helen had been writing too much.
Carmen had been travelling all around the world when she had the accident.
Citado APA: (A. 2014,07. Pasado perfecto continuo. Revista Ejemplode.com. Obtenido 07, 2014, de https://www.ejemplode.com/6-ingles/3895-pasado_perfecto_continuo.html)
Fuente: https://www.ejemplode.com/6-ingles/3895-pasado_perfecto_continuo.html#ixzz6KZOLcWu7
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Forma corta
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Forma larga
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I had been working
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I'd been working
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You had been working
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You'd been working
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He had been working
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He'd been working
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She had been working
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She'd been working
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It had been working
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It'd been working
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We had been working
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We'd been working
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You had been working
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You'd been working
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They had been working
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They'd been working
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I'd been cooking for you.
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Había estado cocinando para ti.
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You had been reading since this morning.
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Habías estado leyendo desde esta mañana.
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He'd been playing the piano.
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Había estado tocando el piano.
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She had been living here.
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Había estado viviendo aquí.
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It'd been ringing for ten minutes.
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Había estado sonando durante diez minutos.
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We had been studying Maths.
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Habíamos estado estudiando matemáticas.
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You'd been playing football.
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Habíais estado jugando al fútbol.
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They had been riding a horse.
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Habían estado montando a caballo.
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Forma larga
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Sujeto + had + not + been + v. en forma -ing + ...
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Forma corta
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Sujeto + hadn't + been + v. en forma -ing + ...
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Forma larga
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Forma corta
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I had not been working
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I hadn't been working
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You had not been working
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You hadn't been working
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He had not been working
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He hadn't been working
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She had not been working
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She hadn't been working
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It had not been working
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It hadn't been working
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We had not been working
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We hadn't been working
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You had not been working
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You hadn't been working
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They had not been working
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They hadn't been working
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I hadn´t been painting your house.
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No había estado pintando tu casa.
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You had not been teaching me anything.
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No habías estado enseñándome nada.
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He hadn't been living here.
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No había estado viviendo aquí.
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She had not been reading my book.
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No había estado leyendo mi libro.
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It hadn't been raining since April.
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No había estado lloviendo desde abril.
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We had not been playing football.
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No habíamos estado jugando al fútbol.
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You had not been gardening all day.
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No habíais estado arreglando el jardín todo el día.
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They hadn´t been waiting for two hours.
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No habían estado esperando dos horas.
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Had + sujeto + not + been + verbo en forma -ing
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Hadn't + sujeto + been + verbo en forma -ing
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Afirmativo
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Negativo
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Had I been working?
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Had I not been working?
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Hadn't I been working?
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Had you been working?
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Had you not been working?
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Hadn't you been working?
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Had he been working?
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Had he not been working?
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Hadn't he been working?
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Had she been working?
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Had she not been working?
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Hadn't she been working?
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Had it been working?
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Had it not been working?
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Hadn't it been working?
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Had we been working?
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Had we not been working?
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Hadn't we been working?
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Had you been working?
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Had you not been working?
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Hadn't you been working?
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Had they been working?
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Had they not been working?
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Hadn't they been working?
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Had I been dancing for too long?
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¿Había estado bailando mucho tiempo?
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When had you been learning karate?
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¿Cuándo habías estado aprendiendo kárate?
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Had he not been drinking too much?
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¿No había estado bebiendo mucho?
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Why had she been crying?
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¿Por qué había estado llorando?
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Had it been barking the whole night?
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¿Había estado ladrando durante toda la noche?
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Hadn´t we been driving since that morning?
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¿No habíamos estado conduciendo desde aquella mañana?
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Had you been sleeping in their house?
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¿Habíais estado durmiendo en su casa?
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Where had you been planting new roses?
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¿Dónde habíais estado plantando las rosas nuevas
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